Abstract
The Doppler spread in a highly dynamic environment leads to a large-scale channel variation over time for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In this letter, we adopt the high spatial resolution of massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology to reduce the influence of Doppler spread. An algorithm is proposed for the asymptotically-optimal steering angle to achieve the longest virtual coherence time for large antenna arrays. We first design a matrix to detect array steering vectors of separated propagation paths. A closed-form expression of virtual coherence time over virtual channel for large antenna arrays is therefore derived for the optimal steering angle. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm can improve the average virtual coherence time by about 13.65 to 27.35 times as compared to benchmarks.
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