Abstract
The effective coagulation of flowing blood by ultrasound, or acoustic hemostasis, is a complex process that encompasses several physical, biophysical, and biochemical facets. Motivated by this ultimate goal of efficient and predictable hemostasis, we have undertaken a series of laboratory experiments on a variety of phantoms insonified by 1-MHz focused ultrasound at MPa amplitudes. The goal of the present study is to quantify and characterize the physical response of a viscous, particulate-laden Newtonian flow to high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Experimental hyperthermia in a tissue/flow phantom as a function of acoustic parameters (pulse width, duty cycle, amplitude), flow parameters (volume flow rate, vessel size, flow geometry), and bubble content in the flow phantom is investigated. Spatiotemporally resolved temperature measurements in the flow and surrounding tissue phantom are reported. Time permitting, visualization of the modified flow due to acoustic streaming and radiation pressure will be undertaken to correlate flow events with the hyperthermia results. [Work supported by DARPA.]
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