Abstract
We discuss subwavelength-scale semiconductor metal-optic resonators placed on the metal substrate with various top metal plate sizes. Albeit with large optical losses, addition of metal layers converts a leaky semiconductor nano-block into a highly-confined optical cavity. Optically pumped lasing action is observed with the extended top metal layer that can significantly suppress the radiation losses. Careful investigation of self-heating effects during the optical carrier injection process shows the importance of temperature-dependent material properties in the laser rate equation model and the overall laser performances.
Highlights
Integrated semiconductor-based light-emitting devices are important, indispensable building blocks for a number of emerging photonics applications, such as optical interconnects[1,2,3], chemical sensing[4], lighting[5], and data storage[6]
Heat management issues for metal-optic resonators become more severe under the free-space optical pumping scenarios, since large portion of the pump power gets absorbed by the metal layers close to the semiconductor region and adversely affects the cavity temperature and lasing thresholds
To identify the role of the top metal layer on the metal-optic cavity performance, we numerically investigate the total cavity quality factor (Qtotal = 1/(1/Qabs + 1/Qrad)), where Qabs and Qrad represent the absorption and radiation Q factor, respectively
Summary
For rational design of metal-optic resonators, we first start our discussion by assuming a hypothetical case where a subwavelength-scale dielectric semiconductor block with the refractive index of 3.57 is surrounded by air. In both cases, albeit with its severe absorption losses, the presence of the metal layers improves the light-matter interaction and the overall Purcell factor when compared with the purely dielectric cases (Q < 10). In the electrically driven case, the extended top metal plate can act as a good thermal heat sink rather than an obstacle for carrier injection
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