Optically induced magnetization reversal in [Co/Pt]N multilayers: Role of domain wall dynamics

Abstract

All-optical switching (AOS) of magnetization in ferri- and ferromagnetic thin films has in recent years attracted a strong interest since it allows magnetization reversal in the absence of applied magnetic field. Here we investigate AOS in ${[\mathrm{Co}/\mathrm{Pt}]}_{N}$ multilayers. The coercivity (${H}_{C}$) of the multilayers was tuned either by varying the bilayer repetition number ($N$) or the sample temperature ($T$). During the AOS experiments, we first illuminated the multilayers by a sequence of femtosecond laser pulses with varying fluence, light polarization, and repetition rate. The optically affected area was then imaged with magneto-optical Kerr microscopy. Our results indicate that the optical pulses can trigger either AOS or initiate an all-optical domain formation (AODF). The laser fluence required for AOS scales linearly with ${H}_{C}$ and depends on a precise tuning of laser pulse fluence, repetition rate, and light polarization. Furthermore, the magnetic response of the samples at a varying ambient temperature (down to 50 K) and for different time intervals between subsequent laser pulses point to the crucial role of domain wall dynamics in optical control of magnetization in ferromagnetic multilayers.