Optical waveguide in Nd:Bi12SiO20 crystal produced by multi-energy C ion implantation**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11404194 and 11274188), the Promotive Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientisits of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. BS2015SF003), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 2015M582053 and 2016T90609), the Qingdao Municipal Postdoctoral Application Research Project, China

Abstract

We report the fabrication of a planar waveguide in the Nd:Bi12SiO20 crystal by multi-energy C ions at room temperature. The waveguide is annealed at 200 °C, 260 °C, and 300 °C in succession each for 30 min in an open oven. The effective refractive index profiles at transverse electric (TE) polarization are stable after the annealing treatments. Damage distribution for multi-energy C ion implanted in Nd:Bi12SiO20 crystal is calculated by SRIM 2010. The Raman and fluorescence spectra of the Nd:Bi12SiO20 crystal are collected by an excitation beam at 633 nm and 473 nm, respectively. The results indicate the stabilization of the optical waveguide in Nd:Bi12SiO20 crystal.