Abstract

We investigated the optical properties of Er 3+ ions in LiNbO 3 planar waveguides produced by annealed proton exchange (APE) using the site-selective method of combined excitation-emission spectroscopy at low temperature. The spectroscopic results obtained for the luminescence in the green spectral region (≈ 550nm) under the direct laser excitation at 450 nm and under two step laser excitation at 980 nm (up-conversion process) are compared with bulk material and LiNbO 3 waveguides produced by Ti-diffusion. Notable differences have been found in the kind of defect sites, in their number distribution, and in the inhomogeneous broadening of the optical transitions.

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