Optical soliton propagation under the influence of higher order nonlinearities

Abstract

We numerically investigate the propagation of optical soliton under the influence of higher-order nonlinearities in the anomalous dispersion regime by solving the complex cubic–quintic Ginzburg–Landau equation which is a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The nonlinear gain-absorption processes, the higher-order correction term to the intensity-dependence of refractive index and intra-pulse Raman scattering are considered in the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. With the help of the numerical simulation, we note that the higher-order dispersive term and nonlinearities can perturb a soliton, resulting in a rich variety of solitons such as period-doubling bifurcation of dissipative soliton, Raman-induced spectral shifts, the formation of multi-branch pulsating solitons, and the creation of pulsating soliton with different periodicity.