Abstract
High nonlinearity, wide transparency range and optical quality allowed potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4, KTP) crystals to be used in a wide range of nonlinear applications. The success of KTP usage in the visible and infrared (IR) ranges drives interest in applying it at longer wavelengths, that is, in the terahertz (THz) range. We use THz optical properties of KTP crystals measured by terahertz time-domain spectrometer (THz-TDS) and refractive index approximated in the form of Sellmeier equations to investigate KTP application possibilities for IR-to-THz and THz-to-THz wave conversion. As a result, phase matching for s − f → f and s − f → s types of difference frequency generation (DFG) of Ti:Sapphire laser (at the wavelengths of 0.65, 0.8 and 1.1 µm) is found possible, as well as second harmonic generation (SHG) of THz waves by f + s→f type of interaction in the XZ principle plane of the crystal. Terahertz wave generation by phase-matched parametric processes in KTP demonstrates evident advantages in comparison with that of widely used MgO-doped LiNbO3 crystals.
Highlights
Potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4, KTP) is one of the most widely used nonlinear optical crystals [1]
The abovementioned properties of KTP determine its wide range of nonlinear applications such as sum [3] and difference [4,5] frequency generation (SFG and difference frequency generation (DFG)), second harmonic generation (SHG) [6], optical parametric oscillation/generation (OPO/OPG) and amplification (OPA) [7,8,9]
We report terahertz optical properties of KTP crystals at the room temperature of
Summary
Potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4 , KTP) is one of the most widely used nonlinear optical crystals [1]. KTP advantages are high nonlinear coefficients: d15 = 1.9 pm/V, d24 = 4.2 pm/V, d31 = 2.2 pm/V, d32 = 2.7 pm/V and d33 = 17.4 pm/V, wide ranges of angles and temperatures for the phase matching, low absorption in the range of 0.35 μm to 4.5 μm, excellent mechanical stability and optical quality. The abovementioned properties of KTP determine its wide range of nonlinear applications such as sum [3] and difference [4,5] frequency generation (SFG and DFG), second harmonic generation (SHG) [6], optical parametric oscillation/generation (OPO/OPG) and amplification (OPA) [7,8,9]
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