Abstract
High reflection and dust are an unwanted loss process in the applications of solar panels. However, using antireflective hydrophobic solar panels improves their photovoltaic efficiency and reveals to self-cleaning, time-consuming and cost-effective results. The design, synthesis, modification, and characterization of the nano hydrophobic and antireflective films of solar modules are reported. Simple method for producing ZnO/TiO2/SiO2 antireflection (AR) multilayered coating by sol-gel technique was synthesized. The optical properties of the multilayers have been investigated via Wemple–DiDomenico (WDD), Sellmeier, Spatzer-Fan and Drude models. The low refractive index (1.4–1.6 in the visible region) of ZnO/TiO2/SiO2 multilayers improves the transmittance of the anti-reflected coating while coral-like hierarchical structure of ZnO fabricated via hydrothermal technique produces hydrophobicity for the surface panel.
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