Optical polarization rogue waves from supercontinuum generation in zero dispersion fiber pumped by dissipative soliton.

Min Liu,Yulong Cao,Stefan Wabnitz,Lingdi Kong,Ligang Huang,Hongqing Ran,Tao Zhu,Wei Huang,Yujia Li,Lei Gao

doi:10.1364/oe.27.023830

Abstract

Optical rogue waves emerge in nonlinear optical systems with extremely large amplitudes, and leave without a trace. In this work, we reveal the emergence of optical polarization rogue waves in supercontinuum generation from a zero-dispersion fiber, pumped by a dissipative soliton laser. Flat spectral broadening is achieved by modulation instability, followed by cascaded four-wave-mixing. In this process, we identify the emergence of optical polarization rogue waves, based on the probability density function of the relative distance among polarization states. Experimental results show that optical polarization rogue waves originate from vector multi-wave-mixing. Besides, we observe double peaks, and even triple peaks in the histogram of the state of polarization. This is a new and intriguing property, never observed so far in optical rogue waves, for example those emerging in the statistics of pulse intensities. Our polarization domain statistical analysis provides a new insight into the still debated topic of the mechanism for rogue wave generation in optical supercontinuum.

Highlights

Rogue waves (RWs) are known as extremely large amplitude waves, which propagate in open oceans
We propose to investigate the emergence of optical polarization rogue waves (PRWs), which can be identified by measuring the relative distance, r, between any two points on the Poincaré sphere r = Sm − Sn = 2 sin−1( (Sm1 − Sn1 )2 + (Sm2 − Sn2 )2 + (Sm3 − Sn3 )2 / 2)
In summary, we investigated the emergence of optical PRWs associated with supercontinuum generation (SCG) in a zerodispersion fiber, pumped by dissipative soliton (DS) laser pulses

Summary

Introduction

Rogue waves (RWs) are known as extremely large amplitude waves, which propagate in open oceans. By counting the probability of r, one obtains a distribution histogram, which can be used for identifying the presence of optical PRWs. The interpretation of PRWs is different from the case of RWs in temporal or spectral domains: the latter denote the generation of giant pulses with high amplitude or bandwidth, whereas PRWs describe the emergence of particular wavelengths, whose SOP distribution largely deviates from a purely random (i.e., Gaussian) distribution. As a matter of fact, rogue polarization states appear more frequently than expected from a Gaussian distribution Their appearance is accompanied with a deteriorated coherence in the nonlinear system, such as during supercontinuum generation, or even optical turbulence. By filtering the optical wavelengths at different stages of the SCG, we find that frequencies generated by primary MI are scalar In the SCG process, we identify the existence of optical PRWs based on the SWH method

Experimental setup

Results and discussion

Conclusion