Optical methods of noninvasive glucose measurement

Abstract

In recent decades, the need to develop non-invasive methods for measuring blood glucose levels to facilitate continuous monitoring of this indicator has increased significantly. This is due to a large increase in the incidence of diabetes worldwide. However, there are many problems associated with non-invasive glucose monitoring that contribute to inaccurate results. This article discusses and classifies non-invasive methods for measuring glucose based on its properties over the past 20 years. The main focus is on the relevant physiological aspects, existing problems, and recent advances that have made it possible to obtain acceptable clinical accuracy.