Abstract
This work focuses on the optical limiting behavior of surface modified nanodiamonds (DNDs) namely, amino-terminated DNDs (DND-NH2) and hydrogen-terminated DNDs (DND-H). Their relevant nonlinear optical properties for optical limiting are compared to those of unfunctionalized DNDs. The optical limitation is characterized by means of nonlinear transmittance, Z-scan, and scattered intensity assessments when submitted to a nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at a wavelength of 532 nm. It is stated that the largest nonlinear attenuation is attributed to the DND-H system, whereas the exceedingly low threshold values for optical limiting for the DND-H and the DND-NH2 systems is attributed to their negative electron affinity character (NEA). Using Z-scan experiments, it is shown that nonlinear refraction combined with a significant nonlinear absorption predominates in the DND-H suspension, while the pure thermal origin of the nonlinear refractive index change is conjectured in the case of the DNDs. Besides, an amazing valley to peak profile was measured on DND - NH2indicating an unexpected positive sign of the nonlinear refraction coefficient. In addition, a stronger backscattered intensity signal is highlighted for the unfunctionalized DNDs through nonlinear scattering measurements.
Highlights
The application of nanodiamonds particles is widely spread out in biology[1,2,3,4], pharmacology[5,6], medicine[7,8], or as a tuning agent for energetic compositions in pyrotechnics[9,10,11]
It is probable that the emission of electrons from the detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs)-H or DND-NH2 systems into water could produce a reservoir of solvated electrons that could be responsible for the photoreduction of water
In this work we aimed to clarify the nonlinear optical mechanisms responsible for the optical limiting of suspensions composed of amino-terminated DNDs, hydrogen-terminated DNDs and compared them to unfunctionalized DNDs
Summary
The application of nanodiamonds particles is widely spread out in biology[1,2,3,4], pharmacology[5,6], medicine[7,8], or as a tuning agent for energetic compositions in pyrotechnics[9,10,11] Their nonlinear optical character has been proven since several studies relating their optical limiting properties have been reported[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. Albeit some works dealing with amino or hydrogen-terminated DNDs are related in the literature (see for example[23], see [24] or, respectively), there exists no study referring their nonlinear properties for optical limiting applications.
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