Optical image encryption in the fractional Hartley domain, using Arnold transform and singular value decomposition

Abstract

A new scheme for image encryption is proposed, using fractional Hartley transform followed by Arnold transform and singular value decomposition in the frequency domain. As the plaintext is an amplitude image, the mask used in the spatial domain is a random phase mask (RPM). The proposed scheme has been validated for grayscale images and is sensitive to the encryption parameters such as order of Arnold transform and fractional orders of the Hartley transform. We have also evaluated the scheme’s resistance to the well-known noise and occlusions attacks.