Abstract
The optical force in a Y-type four level atomic system induced by a few-cycle pulsed focused vector field is studied. The expressions for pulsed focused vector beams are used to calculate the optical force. The Bloch equation of the Y-type four-level sodium atom is numerically solved without the rotating-wave approximation. The transverse optical force can change from focusing force to defocusing force depending on the initially state of atom and the detuning of the light frequency. An acceleration of atom that is 11 orders of magnitude higher than the Earth’s gravitational acceleration g can be obtained. It is shown that the focusing and defocusing of real sodium atoms can be possible in an atomic beam just by a few-cycle-pulse laser field.
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