Abstract

The global telecommunications industry continues its transformation in network architectures and services. In the past 10 years, we have seen major shifts in technology innovations from optical transport to last-mile access networks. While synchronous optical network/synchronous digital hierarchy (SONET/SDH) was the center of attention for service providers and their suppliers in the 1980-1995 timeframe, we have witnessed the growth of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) to meet bandwidth growth fueled by fiber to the x (FTTx) video and internet service demand starting at about 1995.

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