Abstract
We examined optical fibers suitable for avoiding such problems as the fiber fuse phenomenon and failures at bends with a high power input. We found that the threshold power for fiber fuse propagation in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and hole-assisted fiber (HAF) can exceed 18 W, which is more than 10 times that in conventional single-mode fiber (SMF). We considered this high threshold power in PCF and HAF to be caused by a jet of high temperature fluid penetrating the air holes. We showed examples of two kinds of failures at bends in conventional SMF when the input power was 9 W. We also observed the generation of a fiber fuse under a condition that caused a bend-loss induced failure. We showed that one solution for the failures at bends is to use optical fibers with a low bending loss such as PCF and HAF. Therefore, we consider PCF and HAF to be attractive solutions to the problems of the fiber fuse phenomenon and failures at bends with a high power input.
Highlights
The optical power levels used in optical communication networks have been increasing with the development of long unrepeatered submarine systems, dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems, and distributed Raman amplification systems
We found that the threshold power for fiber fuse propagation in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and hole-assisted fiber (HAF) can exceed 18 W, which is more than 10 times that in conventional single-mode fiber (SMF)
When the test fiber was a PCF, the fiber fuse propagation terminated at the splice point between fiber 2 (DSF) and the PCF even when the coupled input power into the PCF was at its maximum value of 18.1 W (6.6 W at 1480 nm and 11.5 W at 1550 nm)
Summary
The optical power levels used in optical communication networks have been increasing with the development of long unrepeatered submarine systems, dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems, and distributed Raman amplification systems. It has been reported that high optical power can lead to catastrophic damage as a result of the optical fiber fuse phenomenon [1,2] or in tightly bent fibers [3]. We examined optical fibers that allow us to avoid such problems as the fiber fuse phenomenon and failures at bends when the input power is high. We found that the threshold power for fiber fuse propagation in PCF and HAF can exceed 18 W, which is more than 10 times that in conventional SMF. PCF and HAF are attractive optical fibers that can solve the problems presented by the fiber fuse phenomenon and failures at bends when the input power is high. Termination of Fiber Fuse Propagation in Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) and Hole-Assisted
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