Abstract
Optical excitation of surface plasmon polaritons provides a simple method for localizing an electromagnetic field at an interface. This field, and hence the optical response of the interface, is very sensitive to small changes in the dielectric properties of a region very close to the interface. Because the surface plasmon polariton is resonantly excited there is also substantial field enchancement at the surface. The sensitivity to small changes at the surface as well as the field enhancement have recently produced a revival of interest in this field and this article is aimed at briefly reviewing this revival and examining potential further development.
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