Optical, electrical and thermal investigations on brucinium di-hydrogen citrate tri-hydrate single crystal: An optimistic tool for microelectronics, OPO and OLED applications

Abstract

Highly capable nonlinear optical brucinium di-hydrogen citrate tri-hydrate (BDHCTH) single crystal under organic material category has been grown-up successfully by slow evaporation method. Optical, electrical, and thermal investigations were made on title crystal to discover the suitability of fabrication of an optical as well as electrical device for the first time. Crystal structure analysis confirms that, the BDHCTH crystal belongs to triclinic crystal system with non-centro symmetric space group P1. The SLDT value of BDHCTH crystal was found to be 4.22 GW/cm2. Second harmonic generation efficiency of the BDHCTH compound is 1.08 times superior to the reference sample KDP. An attribution of single and sharp peak with lesser full width half maximum value confirms the presence of very fewer defects in the grown crystal. An electric response of the title compound shows the normal dielectric behavior. The piezoelectric charge co-efficient (d33) was found to be 4.5 p C/N. Photo luminescence study confirms that the synthesized sample possess violet, blue and red emission behaviors. Presences of various functional groups in the title sample were identified by FT-IR study. Thermal stability of the compound BDHCTH was found to be 135 °C. Kinetic parameters such as activation energy, Arrhenius factor, standard entropy of activation, standard enthalpy of activation, standard Gibb's energy of activation (ΔG*) and induction time of the grown sample were found to be 161.6396 k J mol−1, 7.4854 s−1, -230.8278 J K mol−1, 154.854 k J mol−1, 249.0314 k J mol−1 and 52 days respectively. At the end of an optical, electrical and thermal analysis, we concluded that the grown crystal is an optimistic tool for microelectronics, OPO and OLED applications due to existence of good SHG value, lesser defect and red emission behavior.