Abstract
We show that nonlinear optical structures involving a balanced gain-loss profile can act as optical diodes. This is made possible by exploiting the interplay between the fundamental symmetries of parity (<i>P</i>) and time (<i>T</i>), with optical nonlinear Kerr effects. This unidirectional propagation is demonstrated for the case of a <i>PT</i> -symmetric nonlinear coupler and a <i>PT</i>-symmetric Bragg grating.
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