Abstract
Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) is gaining an important role as a methodology for producing nanostructures without the use of chemicals and stabilizers. Several nanomaterials have been produced and the engineering of PLAL is becoming an important task for the dissemination of this approach for nanostructure production. Monitoring the processes involved in the PLAL during nanostructure production can be extremely useful for improving the experimental methods and for pushing PLAL to new material formation. In this paper, we discuss the use of optical techniques for investigating the specific stages involved in the production of nanomaterials with PLAL. In particular, the recent advancements of these optical techniques for each specific stage of the PLAL process will be discussed: optical emission spectroscopy and imaging for the investigation of the plasma phase, shadowgraph imaging for the investigation of the cavitation bubble dynamics and different scattering techniques for the visualization of the produced nanostructure.
Highlights
CNR-NANOTEC, c/o Chemistry Department, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; Chemistry Department, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
One of the most powerful methods for producing nanoparticles (NPs) with plasma is the use of laser pulse, namely, pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL)
The laserinduced plasma (LIP) and cavitation bubble generation are the main processes occurring after the laser-matter interaction
Summary
The use of plasma for producing nanostructures of different materials are gaining growing interest. One of the most powerful methods for producing nanoparticles (NPs) with plasma is the use of laser pulse, namely, pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL). Laser-assisted synthesis in solution (LASiS) [1,2] In this technique, the material ejection is obtained by focusing a laser pulse on a specific target immersed in liquid. The laserinduced plasma (LIP) and cavitation bubble generation are the main processes occurring after the laser-matter interaction. During the plasma and cavitation bubble evolution, the production of NPs, generally with the same composition of the target, occurs. During the PLAL processes, the observation of the NPs’ evolution is very difficult with visible sources, since the NPs themselves have size a smaller sizevisible than the visible light wavelength.
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