Optical detection of the structural properties of tumor tissue generated by xenografting of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells using partial wave spectroscopy (PWS).

Prakash Adhikari,Prabhakar Pradhan,Fatemah Alharthi,Murali M Yallapu,Meena Jaggi,Subhash C Chauhan,Prashanth K B Nagesh

doi:10.1364/boe.10.006422

Abstract

A mesoscopic physics-based optical imaging technique, partial wave spectroscopy (PWS), has been used for the detection of cancer by probing nanoscale structural alterations in cells/tissue. The development of drug-resistant cancer cells/tissues during chemotherapy is a major challenge in cancer treatment. In this paper, using a mouse model and PWS, the structural properties of tumor tissue grown in 3D structures by xenografting drug-resistant and drug-sensitive human prostate cancer cells having 2D structures, are studied. The results show that the 3D xenografted tissues maintain a similar hierarchy of the degree of structural disorder properties as that of the 2D original drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cells.

Highlights

Elastic light scattering, especially in the visible range of light, is an important method for probing structural morphologies of the biological cells/tissues
We focus our research to characterize the structure of tumor tissues generated by the xenografting of chemotherapy drug-sensitive and drug-resistant prostate cell lines, DU145 and PC3
The results indicate that tumor tissues grown by xenografting of prostate cancer (PC) cells resistant towards docetaxel have a higher disorder strength Ld than the same tissues from drug-sensitive PC cells

Summary

Introduction

Especially in the visible range of light, is an important method for probing structural morphologies of the biological cells/tissues. It is shown that probing the structural alterations at nano to submicron scale enables the prediction of several properties of the physical condition of cells/tissues in normal and disease/abnormal states. Recent studies have shown that the progression of carcinogenesis results in nanoscale structural alterations due to the rearrangement of the basic building blocks, in particular, macromolecular components inside the cells/tissues. This nanoscale structural alterations, in terms of the degree of disorder strength, has been shown as an important biomarker in the determination of cancer stages [1,2]. The sensitivity of the existing pathological optical microscopic techniques used to detect such nanoscale alterations are restricted by the diffraction limited resolution (>∼200 nm)

Methods

Results

Conclusion