Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the risk of primary macular hole (MH) in the fellow eye, and to evaluate baseline characteristics and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features that precede MH formation in the fellow eye.MethodsA retrospective review of 229 patients treated for primary MH at Stavanger University Hospital, Norway, from January 2008 through December 2018. The patients were categorised into two groups according to subsequent development of MH in the fellow eye. The OCT findings of the two groups were compared, and associated risk factors for MH formation assessed.ResultsTwenty cases of bilateral MH were identified. The overall bilateral disease risk was 8.8% (95% CI, 5.8–13.2%). Two patients were previously operated in the fellow eye, six patients presented with bilateral MH, and 12 patients subsequently developed MH in the fellow eye. The risk of subsequent MH development was 5.7% (95% CI, 3.3–9.8%). Although the extent of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) tended to be more progressed in the bilateral group compared with the unilateral group, the difference was not statistically significant. In the bilateral group, 41.7% had outer retinal defects vs 6.6% in the unilateral group (p = 0.001), and 33.3% in the bilateral group had intraretinal pseudocysts vs 10.2% in the unilateral group (p = 0.036, not significant after multiple testing correction).ConclusionOuter retinal defects and intraretinal pseudocysts are associated with an increased risk of MH formation in the fellow eye, and complete PVD indicates a decreased risk of MH formation.
Highlights
To investigate the risk of primary macular hole (MH) in the fellow eye, and to evaluate baseline characteristics and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features that precede MH formation in the fellow eye
The aims of the study were to determine the risk of developing bilateral MH, and to investigate OCT-based vitreoretinal interface- and intraretinal abnormalities associated with MH formation
Six of the patients presented with bilateral MH, of whom two had an old MH in the fellow eye unsuitable for surgery
Summary
To investigate the risk of primary macular hole (MH) in the fellow eye, and to evaluate baseline characteristics and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features that precede MH formation in the fellow eye. The incidence of primary full-thickness macular hole (MH) is 7.9–8.7 eyes per 100,000 population per year [1, 2]. It is generally accepted that anteroposterior traction at the vitreoretinal interface is a major contributor to the development of MH [6]. Previous studies on the risk of bilateral MH have estimated the risk to be between 7.0 and 16.7% [1, 2, 4, 7,8,9,10]. Some studies have investigated changes at the vitreoretinal interface and showed that foveal or complete
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