Optical coherence tomographic features and correlation with visual acuity in adult-onset foveal vitelliform dystrophy

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the optical coherence tomographic (OCT) features of adult-onset foveal vitelliform dystrophy (AOFVD) using high-resolution spectral-domain (SD) OCT and to correlate each variable with visual acuity. Design: This was a retrospective, observational case series. Materials and Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of AOFVD based on clinical presentation, autofluorescence, and OCT were included in the study. SD-OCT images were analyzed. The vertical and horizontal basal dimensions of vitelliform material, the thickness of neurosensory retina (NSR) above the lesion, and the integrity of inner segment-outer segment (IS-OS) junction and external limiting membrane (ELM) were assessed, and each was correlated with best-corrected visual acuity. Results: Thirty-six eyes of 25 patients were included in the study. Mean age of patients was 65.39 ± 11.3 years. A weak positive correlation was noted between lesion dimensions and LogMAR visual acuity, but this was not statistically significant. A significant negative correlation was seen between thickness of NSR above the lesion and LogMAR visual acuity, indicating that as the overlying NSR became thinner, vision worsened. Although a worse visual acuity was noted in eyes with disrupted IS-OS junction and ELM, the result was not statistically significant. Conclusion: As the size of the vitelliform material increased, there was progressive thinning of overlying NSR which could lead to worsening of visual acuity.