Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), also named inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is the most popular source for optical atomic emission spectrometry. Liquid samples are introduced as an aerosol into the plasma where they undergo the processes of desolvation, vaporization, atomization and excitation. Atoms and ions generated in the ICP of many elements are efficiently excited at the high temperature of the plasma (up to 7000K). The wavelengths of the emitted photons are characteristic of every atom (or ion) and the number of photons are related to its concentration. Thus many wavelengths can be simultaneously (or sequentially) measured (in a axial and/or radial configuration) coming out of the argon plasma. The ICP-OES technique presents high selectivity and sensitivity, a large dynamic range, low detection limits, multi-element detection and relatively low levels of matrix interferences. Today ICP-OES is considered a powerful and versatile analytical tool for the reliable for determination of major, minor and trace elements in a great variety of sample matrices.
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