Optical and morphological studies of Titania nanotubes by varying anodization parameters

Abstract

In this study, the self-organized Titania (TiO2) was created by anodizing pure titanium in a mixture of ethylene glycol, ammonium fluoride, and distilled water using an electrochemical cell. This study aims to examine how changes in anodization parameters impact the morphology and optical properties of Titania. The nanotubes achieved 10 μm length by applying less ammonium fluoride (NH4F) electrolytes. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) reveals that the prepared samples are essentially composed of TiO2. Mixed phases of rutile and anatase are obtained by increasing the annealing temperature from 360 to 480 ℃ and crystalline size seems to be reduced by increasing anodization potential, calculated by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) helps to identify the bandgap value and the minimum value attained at 2.56 eV without doping and the electron-hole recombination rates calculated through the intensity of photoluminescence (PL) analysis. Ultimately, the optimal values of the anodization parameters for the generation of the most effective sample are determined.