Abstract

During the past few years, a large volume of freshwater has been transformed into contaminated water due to anthropogenic activities. For monitoring and tackling the issue of contamination in water, various effective and reasonable methods are available such as titrimetric analysis and chromatography analysis, etc. However, these techniques require a longer time and large sample volumes for the analysis. Therefore, to deal with such problems, a new technology, microfluidic sensing is emerging. Microfluidic sensing is an advanced and cost-effective technique and can perform real-time analysis using a very small quantity of analytes. In this review, different microfluidic technique-based electrochemical and optofluidic sensors have been discussed. Additionally, critical analysis for the implementation of such sensors has been carried out. Among different sensing approaches, the advantages of electrochemical microfluidic devices outweigh that of optical microfluidic sensors.

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