Abstract
(1-x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-xNiTiO3 semiconducting ferroelectric ceramics (named (1-x)BNT-xNTO) were successfully prepared by using a solid state reaction method. All samples shows normal polarization-electric field hysteresis loops, and a maximum polarization Pmax is obtained in the x = 0.06 composition. The diffuse factor γ decreases slightly from 1.732 to 1.571 with the addition of NiTiO3. In addition, Ni doping can substantially reduce the band gap of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials to ~2 eV. In a 0.94BNT–0.06NTO compound, the XPS spectra shows that the chemical formula is accurately [Bi0+, Bi3+]0.5Na0.5[Ti3+, Ti4+]O2.25-0.06Ni[Ti3+, Ti4+]O2.67. Moreover, the short-circuit current (Jsc) in the composition is 1.36 nA/cm2, and the open-circuit voltaic (Voc) is 0.35 V for photovoltaic effects. The novel BNT system, which illustrates three narrow band gaps and relatively high polarization values, has broad application prospects for ferroelectric photovoltaic devices.
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