Abstract
Objective: Optic neuritis (ON) in children can be the first presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Brain and medullary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis allow for an early identification of high-risk patients. The purpose of this study was to determine visual evoked potentials (VEP) characteristics during a first ON event in children and their prognostic value concerning MS. Methods: All patients younger than 18 years old addressed at our hospital for a first ON event from 1999 to 2014 were included. Systemic, metabolic and genetic diseases were excluded. Results: We included 28 patients, with a mean follow-up of 4,3 ± 3,2 years. Five patients (18%) were diagnosed with MS. VEP were performed in all patients. Median P100 latency was higher in MS group than in non-MS group (136 ms versus 116 ms ; p < 0,05). The risk of being diagnosed with MS was higher if P100 latency was superior to 125 ms (RR 1,8 ; CI [1,003-3,2]; p < 0,05). Conclusion: VEP are a new prognostic factor of evolution to MS, during a first ON event in children. Because of their reproductibility and non-invasive nature, VEP should be systematically performed in association with brain and medullary MRI and CSF analysis, during all first ON event in children.
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