Abstract
The object of this study was to examine the effects of domestic and work-related physical activity (DWPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on the risk of diabetes, by categorizing fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels into normal, Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG), and diabetes. The sample consisted of 4661 adults aged 30 years or above, and was chosen from the 2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Of all the subjects, 14.6% engaged in high-intensity DWPA and 6.25% in moderate-intensity DWPA; while 11.68% and 24.80% engaged in high- and moderate-intensity LTPA, respectively. The effects of both types of physical activities on the risk of diabetes were analyzed using a Bayesian ordered probit model. For those with high-intensity DWPA, the probability of the FBG level being normal was 5.10% (SE = 0.25) lower than for those with non-high-intensity DWPA, and the probabilities of IFG and diabetes were 3.30% (SE = 0.15) and 1.79% (SE = 0.09) higher, respectively. However, for those with high-intensity LTPA, the probability of the FBG level being normal was 2.54% (SE = 0.09) higher, and the probabilities of IFG and diabetes were 1.74% (SE = 0.07) and 0.80% (SE = 0.03) lower, respectively, than those with non-high-intensity LTPA. Likewise, for moderate-intensity DWPA and LTPA, the results were the same compared to low-intensity physical activities though the magnitude of the effects were smaller than for high-intensity. Thus, the activities related to work have a negative effect and those related to leisure have a positive effect. The criteria for physical activities to reduce the risk of diabetes should be set by separating these domains of physical activity, and new management strategies for diabetes are needed for people with moderate- or high-intensity DWPA.
Highlights
Exercise is effective for controlling blood sugar in diabetic patients and for reducing cardiovascular risk, losing weight, protecting bone health, preventing metabolic diseases, and improving quality of life [1,2,3,4]
The criteria for physical activities to reduce the risk of diabetes should be set by separating these domains of physical activity, and new management strategies for diabetes are needed for people with moderate- or high-intensity domestic and work-related physical activity (DWPA)
This study analyzed the relationship between the risk of diabetes as indicated by fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and two types of physical activity, DWPA and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), in adults over 30 years of age, using data of Korean citizens collected through Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2017) at the national level
Summary
Exercise is effective for controlling blood sugar in diabetic patients and for reducing cardiovascular risk, losing weight, protecting bone health, preventing metabolic diseases, and improving quality of life [1,2,3,4]. Many studies have reported that physical activity is effective in preventing and treating diabetes [5,6,7,8,9,10] and the US government and the World Health. Most of the previous studies on the effects of physical activity on the risk of diabetes have focused only on leisure-time or total (work-related and leisure-time) physical activity. Public Health 2020, 17, 5812; doi:10.3390/ijerph17165812 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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