Opportunities for prostate-specific membrane antigen hybrid imaging in prostate cancer

Abstract

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) hybrid imaging is apromising new technique gaining importance in the field of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and treatment planning. By combining PSMA radioligands and computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), PSMA hybrid imaging opens up new diagnostic opportunities. PSMA-PET/CT (PET: positron-emission tomography) is already well established in high-risk PCa for primary staging and tumor localization when biochemical recurrence occurs. Further potential indications for PSMA-PET/CT include tumor detection in the initial work-up before arebiopsy with improved accuracy, the identification of target structures for precise local treatment in recurrent PCa (salvage radiotherapy or radio-guided surgery) as well as aprediction of response to PSMA radioligand therapy. This narrative review is based on arecent literature search and aims to highlight the opportunities of PSMA imaging in different disease stages of PCa.