Opportunities and challenges of the nitride coatings for artificial implants: A review

Abstract

With the continuous development of the economy and society, exacerbated by the growing challenges of an aging population, the demand for orthopedic implants has witnessed a considerable surge. To enhance the performance and lifespan of these implants, the deposition coating on their surfaces has emerged as a pivotal measure. Among the various coating options, nitride coatings have gained prominence due to their exceptional comprehensive properties and application in surface modification for orthopedic implants. This paper presents a succinct overview of the evolutionary trajectory and fundamental properties of materials employed in implants. It traces the progression from inert materials in the early stages to the second and third generations characterized by bioactivity (biodegradability), and currently, the fourth generation featuring bio-gene materials. Subsequently, a meticulous review delves into the detailed application of nitride coatings in the realm of implants, encompassing critical aspects such as mechanics, tribology, corrosion resistance, antibacterial properties, and biological responses. In conclusion, the article offers insightful perspectives on the future of implant coatings. It serves as a valuable reference for researchers engaged in nitride material studies and bio-coating research, providing a rapid and comprehensive understanding of the current research status surrounding nitride coatings for implants.