Abstract
For flow batteries (FBs), the current technologies are still expensive and have relatively low energy density, which limits their large-scale applications. Organic FBs (OFBs) which employ organic molecules as redox-active materials have been considered as one of the promising technologies for achieving low-cost and high-performance. Herein, we present a critical overview of the progress on the OFBs, including the design principles of key components (redox-active molecules, membranes, and electrodes) and the latest achievement in both aqueous and nonaqueous systems. Finally, future directions in explorations of the high-performance OFB for electrochemical energy storage are also highlighted.
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