Abstract
The development of the biofuels sector largely depends on the political factors. The European Union decision, concerning the reduction of the share of the 1st generation biocomponents in transport fuels is a threat to the Polish industrial production of biofuels, which is 100 per cent based on the first-generation biofuels. Distilleries, producing bioethanol added to gasoline are particularly at risk. The difficult situation touches the oil pressing plants (esters added to diesel). The hazard primarily affects smaller plants of the biofuel sector. National giants, who intend to invest in the second and third generation biofuels that are not derived from food products are in a slightly better situation.Polish example, which has invested substantial financial resources in the development of the 1st generation biofuels, reaching its highest share in transport fuels in Europe, shows that in the case of Ukraine, the choice of strategy in the production of biofuels should be preceeded by a thorough analysis of the trends that are taking place in the European Union, including Poland. Therefore, there is a need to further study the situation in the EU biofuels, as well as for close scientific cooperation with Polish academics.
Highlights
Ukraine and Poland are countries that are not energy self-sufficient
Poland has significant resources of coal and lignite, these media are a significant source of greenhouse gas emis sions
The aim of this paper is to present the current situ ation of the biofuels market and the opportunities and barriers to the development of transport biofuels sec tor in Poland
Summary
Ukraine and Poland are countries that are not energy self-sufficient. As indicated in the forecast, both in Po land and in Ukraine the demand for oil and natural gas is estimated to increase. In the case of European Union legislation on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere while have a beneficial impact on energy security and independence of the Union on imports of energy resources have been included in three directives, which are part of the energy and climate package: 2009/28/EC on renewable energy sources (RED), 2009/29/EC on amen ding the emissions trading scheme, and 2009/30/EC on the specification of petrol and diesel and a mechanism to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (FQD) These directives primarily emphasize on meeting the criteria for sustainable development and a significant reduction of GHG (greenhouse gases) by fuel, including biofuels. Polish experience as a neighboring country of Ukraine may be useful for the development of the Ukrainian biofuel sector
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