Abstract
The environmental impact of the road transport sector, together with urban freight transport growth, has a notable repercussions in global warming, health and economy. The need to reduce emissions caused by fossil fuel dependence and to foster the use of renewable energy sources has driven the development of zero-emissions powertrains. These clean transportation technologies are not only necessary to move people but to transport the increasing demand for goods and services that is currently taking place in the larger cities. Full electric battery-powered vans seem to be the best-placed solution to the problem. However, despite the progress in driving range and recharge options, those and other market barriers remain unsolved and the current market share of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is not significant. Based on the development of hydrogen fuel cell stacks, this work explains an emerging powertrain architecture concept for N1 class type vans, that combines a battery-electric configuration with a fuel cell stack powered by hydrogen that works as a range extender (FC-EREV). A literature review is conducted, with the aim to shed light on the possibilities of this hybrid light-duty commercial van for metropolitan delivery tasks, providing insights into the key factors and issues for sizing the powertrain components and fuel management strategies to meet metropolitan freight fleet needs.
Highlights
Nowadays, energy efficiency and sustainability are critical objectives in the value chain of business activities
Based on the development of hydrogen fuel cell stacks, this work explains an emerging powertrain architecture concept for N1 class type vans, that combines a battery-electric configuration with a fuel cell stack powered by hydrogen that works as a range extender (FC-Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV))
If we focus on road transport share of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU28 zone, according to Environment Agency (EEA) data, is observed that this means of transport has the most important impact with 71.7%.The environmental impact of road transport takes on special relevance in metropolitan areas [1], mainly due to the high rate of economic activities and population concentrated in these areas
Summary
Energy efficiency and sustainability are critical objectives in the value chain of business activities. Energy Agency (IEA) and European Environment Agency (EEA) data, at the end of the year 2017, the world-level energy consumption for the industry and transport sectors were almost the same, around 12.6 ZJ, CO2 emissions for industry and transport were around 6.2 Mt of CO2 and 8 Mt of CO2 respectively. If we focus on road transport share of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU28 zone, according to EEA data, is observed that this means of transport has the most important impact with 71.7%.The environmental impact of road transport takes on special relevance in metropolitan areas [1], mainly due to the high rate of economic activities and population concentrated in these areas.
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