Abstract
To aware the topology of wireless sensor networks (WSN) with time-variety, and load-balance the resource of communication and energy, an opportunistic routing protocol for WSN based on Opportunistic Routing Entropy and ant colony optimization, called ACO-TDOP, is proposed. At first, based on the second law of thermo-dynamics, we introduce the concept of Opportunistic Routing Entropy which is a parameter representing the transmission state of each node by taking into account the power left and the distance to the sink node. Then, it is proved that the problem of route thinking about Opportunistic Routing Entropy is shown to be NP-hard. So the protocol, ACO-TDOP, is proposed. At last, numerical results confirm that the ACO-TDOP is energy conservative and throughput gainful compared with other two existing routing protocols, and show that it is efficacious to analyze and uncover fundamental of message transmission with Opportunistic Routing in wireless network using the second law of thermodynamics.
Highlights
MULTI-HOP wireless networks, the same as mobile Ad hoc networks and wireless mesh networks, is considered to be convenient and cost-effective solutions in many important areas, such as traffic monitoring, environmental monitoring, and military security
To aware the topology of wireless sensor networks (WSN) with time-variety, and load-balance the resource of communication and energy, an opportunistic routing protocol for WSN based on Opportunistic Routing Entropy and ant colony optimization, called Ant colony optimization (ACO)-TDOP, is proposed
Numerical results confirm that the ACO-TDOP is energy conservative and throughput gainful compared with other two existing routing protocols, and show that it is efficacious to analyze and uncover fundamental of message transmission with Opportunistic Routing in wireless network using the second law of thermodynamics
Summary
MULTI-HOP wireless networks, the same as mobile Ad hoc networks and wireless mesh networks, is considered to be convenient and cost-effective solutions in many important areas, such as traffic monitoring, environmental monitoring, and military security. In order to balance the energy consumption within the network, packet transmission will avoid some node which is on the shortest path but has little energy left, which will increase the number of hops of packet transmission, increasing the time delay and reducing the network throughput rate. To coordinate these two factors, some scholars have proposed to use the opportunistic routing which is mainly to use heuristic algorithms, such as ant colony algorithm, to get the transmission path selection strategy [12,15]. This paper gives the data transfer rule that refers to the residual energy of the node and the shortest path of the network, based on the second law of thermodynamic
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