Abstract
Massive spread of opportunistic fungi in human environment is an emerging global environmental challenge. The amount of research on fungal contamination of the human environment and associations between anthropogenic mycocenoses and human health has been increasing in recent years. A significant number of fungal contaminants have been considered as causative agents of invasive aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, bronchial asthma, mucorosis, etc. Moreover, the incidence of mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi has been increasing globally. A significant number of pathogenic factors observed in opportunistic fungi are similar to those in the pathogenic ones. A unique ability to adapt to changing environment results in resistance to both human defense mechanisms and antifungal agents making control of fungal contamination a significant challenge. In this paper we review the evidence from national and international studies as well as own research on the distribution of various fungi species in human environment and their pathogenicity. We also discuss the need for development of safe, effective and ecofriendly fungicides.
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