Abstract
No abstract available.
Highlights
The highly generalised HIV epidemic in southern and parts of east Africa is uniquely severe
There has been some decline in HIV in parts of eastern Africa, rates remain extremely high in much of southern Africa.[2,7,8,9]
What might account for this pervasive discrepancy? The conclusive body of epidemiological and biological evidence confirming the strong association between lack of male circumcision and HIV10-15 is increasingly understood to explain much of the roughly fivefold difference in HIV rates between southern and western Africa[7,16] (Fig. 1)
Summary
The role of multiple concurrent partnerships and lack of male circumcision: Implications for AIDS prevention. The conclusive body of epidemiological and biological evidence confirming the strong association between lack of male circumcision and HIV10-15 is increasingly understood to explain much of the roughly fivefold difference in HIV rates between southern and western Africa[7,16] (Fig. 1). In 2005, a randomised clinical trial of male circumcision for HIV prevention in Orange Farm, South Africa, found that the procedure reduced a man’s risk of infection by at least 60%, and two similar clinical studies in Kenya and Uganda were recently halted prematurely, due to such robust findings.[17,18,19] this key driver does not explain why HIV has spread so much more extensively in southern Africa than in India or in Europe, where circumcision is uncommon. Demographic and Regions in Africa where most men are uncircumcised
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