Ophthalmic Sensors and Drug Delivery

Antonysamy Dennyson Savariraj,Ammar A Khan,Haider Butt,Ali K Yetisen,Mohamed Elsherif,Fahad Alam,Ahmed Salih,Bader Alqattan

doi:10.1021/acssensors.1c00370

Antonysamy Dennyson Savariraj, Ammar A Khan + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.1c00370

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Abstract

Advances in multifunctional materials and technologies have allowed contact lenses to serve as wearable devices for continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and delivering drugs for ocular diseases. Since the tear fluids comprise a library of biomarkers, direct measurement of different parameters such as concentration of glucose, urea, proteins, nitrite, and chloride ions, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal temperature, and pH can be carried out non-invasively using contact lens sensors. Microfluidic contact lens sensor based colorimetric sensing and liquid control mechanisms enable the wearers to perform self-examinations at home using smartphones. Furthermore, drug-laden contact lenses have emerged as delivery platforms using a low dosage of drugs with extended residence time and increased ocular bioavailability. This review provides an overview of contact lenses for ocular diagnostics and drug delivery applications. The designs, working principles, and sensing mechanisms of sensors and drug delivery systems are reviewed. The potential applications of contact lenses in point-of-care diagnostics and personalized medicine, along with the significance of integrating multiplexed sensing units together with drug delivery systems, have also been discussed.

Highlights

Advances in multifunctional materials and technologies have allowed contact lenses to serve as wearable devices for continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and delivering drugs for ocular diseases
Microfluidic contact lenses have the advantage of being manipulated with liquids in picoliter precision; custom designed channels and reservoirs can help in colorimetric sensing and sustained drug release.[13,14]
The aim of this review is to present an account of the chronological developments of contact lens sensors for ocular diagnosis

Summary

■ CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Good health demands close monitoring of many physical parameters on a regular basis since they are indicators of several diseases. The contact lens based sensors are truly non-invasive technology with the ability for continuous monitoring. This new class of sensors has undergone several stages of evolution in their architecture, method of operation, and modes of supplying the readouts. Drug delivery for certain diseases can be administered using soft contact lenses, which is advantageous over conventional eye drops in terms of extended residence time and ocular bioavailability. With increasing awareness on diabetes and glaucoma, along with constant developments in contact lens based sensors and drug delivery systems, this wearable technology will be adopted as a platform for point-of-care diagnostics and personalized medicine in the near future.

■ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Findings

■ REFERENCES