Abstract
The current study aimed to analyze through a literature review evidence of association between ocular changes and non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P). A literature review was carried out in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration Group protocol. PubMed, Scopus, Academic Google and ISI Web of Science databases were systematically searched. A total of 16 studies were accessed, and three made up the final sample.All three studied ocular abnormalities in patients with NSCL/P.The articles found ocular abnormalities in 6.21%, 17.54% and 1.03% of patients respectively.The presence of ocular abnormalities in patients with NSCL/P was significant in this systematic review, but the articles all agreed that future studies should explore the possibility of a greater occurrence of ocular changes in individuals with NSCL/P.
Highlights
Rofacial m alform ations are the m ost com m on form of congenitalanom alies in the w orld(1).A m ong them,the m ostprevalentisthe cleftlip w ith orw ithoutcleftpalate (C L /P )(2-5),w hich m ay occur m ore com m only in an isolated and non-syndrom ic form as a specific phenotype or,m ore rarely, com posing severalassociationsorsyndrom es(6,7).E m bryologically, clefts result from prim ary fusion defects of the craniofacialprocesses that form the prim ary and secondary palate in the first intrauterine trim ester (8).T he incidence of C L /P varies according to geographicallocation,racialand ethnic groups,environm ental exposures,and socioeconom ic status,affecting approxim ately 1/
Selection ofpapersthrough the inclusion and exclusion criteria T he selection of papers is diagram m atically explained in F igure 1.O fthe 16 studiesoriginally found through the literature search strategy and the references of the potential studies retrieved, three studies w as excluded,and another w as excluded because it did not describe the ocular abnorm alities found.A further nine studies involving syndrom ic oral clefts w ere subsequently excluding.A fterw ards,only articlespresenting ocular changes w ith N SC L /P w ere included in the presentstudy
T hisliterature review assessed available studiesdescribing ocular changes in patients w ith non-syndrom ic oral clefts.W e dem onstrated thatthere is a shortage of literature about ocular changes in patients w ith N SC L /P.O ur results dem onstrated that the published studies disagree on the frequency of nonsyndrom ic oral clefts
Summary
The currentstudy aim ed to analyze through a literature review evidence ofassociation betw een ocularchangesand non-syndrom ic cleft lip and/or palate (N SC L /P ).A literature review w as carried out in accordance w ith the C ochrane C ollaboration G roup protocol. Selection ofpapersthrough the inclusion and exclusion criteria T he selection of papers is diagram m atically explained in F igure 1.O fthe 16 studiesoriginally found through the literature search strategy and the references of the potential studies retrieved, three studies w as excluded (for being in a language other than E nglish w ith no fulltext available),and another w as excluded because it did not describe the ocular abnorm alities found.A further nine studies involving syndrom ic oral clefts w ere subsequently excluding.A fterw ards,only articlespresenting ocular changes w ith N SC L /P w ere included in the presentstudy. H o w ever, th ere w as an y discrepancy of opinion, the review ers reexam ined the paper together and arrived at a joint final decision.A standardized form w asused to extractinform ation,such as author and year of publication of the paper, origin of participants,study design, sam ple size, type of oral clefts and type of ocular changes associated w ith non-syndrom ic oralclefts. The other article(14) found ocular abnorm alities in 17.54% of patients.T he m ost frequent ocular disease w as congenital nasolacrim al duct obstruction (50% ), follow ed by bilateral iris colobom a (20% ), eyelid (10% ), derm oid tum or (10% ), and esophoria (10% ).T he other article(15) found ocular changes in 1.03% ofpatients.T he m ostfrequentoculardisease w ascolobom a (57.14% ),follow ed by eyelid (14.28% ),congenitalnasolacrim al duct obstruction (14.28% ) and congenitalesotropia (14.28% )
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
