Operative Versorgung von Azetabulumfrakturen mit der neuen Azetabulumflügelplatte

Abstract

Introduction: There have been significant increases in the number of acetabular fractures in elderly patients with primarily ventral pathology and medial protrusion of the femoral head. We have developed the "acetabulum wing plate", which is designed to facilitate repositioning, with its anatomically precontoured structure, and which offers full support of the quadrilateral surface, thus counteracting the force of the femoral head pushing inwards. Conventional plate osteosynthesis only provides insufficient support to the medial surface. After a successful series of biomechanical tests, we now report a clinical case series. Material and Methods: Between April 2012 and August 2013, a total of twelve patients underwent plate osteosynthesis using the precontoured plate described above. The patients (ten male, two female) were aged between 45 and 87 years, the average age being 62.5 years. We were able to perform all osteosynthesis with the modified Stoppa approach, in combination with the first window of the ilioinguinal approach (according to Letournel). In most patients, the plate was applied without complications, In some patients, it even supported repositioning. In six patients, the fractures were of the anterior collum and six fractures were fractures of both colla. The mean time span of follow-up was 13.1 months, the minimum being 4.5 and the maximum 23 months. Results: In most patients, the intra- and postoperative computed tomographic scans showed anatomically correct placement of the plate, thus confirming the correct repositioning of the bone. Routine follow-ups are part of the hospital's postsurgical care system for acetabular fractures; these revealed no secondary dislocation or loosening of the plate. The radiological examination showed consolidation of the fractures after a mean period of twelve weeks. A full year after the initial procedure, no implant-specific complications were observed. Revision surgery was necessary in one patient due to bleeding five days after surgery. In another patient, necrosis of the femoral head necessitated total hip replacement ten weeks after the first surgical intervention. In summary, the concept of the plate proved to be successful in its first case series. Summary: In spite of increasing surgical expertise and the refinements of standard approaches, there is a recognisable shift in acetabular fractures from mainly posterior fracture patterns to fractures of the anterior column. The new acetabulum wing plate takes these factors into account and is an implant designed to address the anterior aspects of the acetabulum. The outcome of the first application is promising and the acetabulum wing plate produces satisfactory results in our patients.