Operative Techniques to Reduce Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Complications in Morbidly Obese Patients

Abstract

Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) >30, is associated with an increased likelihood of osteoarthritis and need for total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Unfortunately, the morbidly obese population has a higher risk of postoperative complications. For some surgeons, patient selection criteria for TJA includes BMI<40. The associated risks are recognized by The American Association of Hip And Knee Surgeons, and many surgeons follow these guidelines. Importantly, as obese patients have been demonstrated to have equal or greater gains in functional outcomes and quality of life metrics, it is important for obese patients to have access to TJA. Through a comprehensive literature review and structured interviews with leading surgeons in the field, we provide guidance for orthopedic surgeons treating patients with BMI>40 to minimize risks, including tailored preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative considerations.