Abstract
The operation of a double GEM was examined in several gas mixtures, including Ar/Isobutane, Ar/CO2, and Ar/N2. In the double GEM detector, a large gain of about 5×104 was obtained for the Ar/Isobutane mixture. The ion feedback dependency of the double GEM was carefully measured according to the drift electric field, transfer field, the asymmetry of the GEM voltage, and the effective gain in various gas mixtures. The ion feedback depends significantly on the drift field and the effective gain, however it is almost independent of the gas mixture. A model of ion feedback in a double GEM structure was derived, and its prediction was compared with the experiment. The optimum value of the transfer field and the dependency of the collection current with respect to the drift, transfer, and collection field strengths for the GEM voltage sharing in the double GEM are also discussed.
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