Operational parameters of small-scale anaerobic digester for rural areas in Indonesia to support sustainable development goals (SDGs)

Abstract

Small-scale anaerobic digester (AD) has been widely used by society in rural areas of Indonesia to produce biogas. The use of biogas as a renewable energy source is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program, especially regarding Affordable and Clean Energy. In rural areas, biogas produced by small-scale AD is needed to produce fuel for cooking, produce the fertilizer for agriculture activities and as solution to environmental problems related to livestock manure disposal. This paper discusses the operational parameters of small-scale AD in Indonesia. These operational parameters are important to establish for standardizing the quality requirements of small-scale AD installed in rural areas of Indonesia. The research was conducted by review the literature from several previous studies that related to similar topic and discussed with biogas experts and practitioners to determine operational parameters for small-scale AD. The results of this research are obtaining the hydraulic retention time, pH value, temperature, and loading rate as operational parameters with respective range values. Information on the operational parameters of small-scale AD can be used as input for developing the Indonesian National Standards for the quality requirements of low-pressure biogas that is in line with this research.