Abstract
Increasing amounts of variable renewable energy sources will cause fundamental and structural changes to thermal power plant operating regimes. Maintaining key reserve requirements will lead to an increase in power plant start-ups and cycling operations for some units. An enhanced unit commitment model with energy storage and flexible ${\text C}{{\text O}_2}$ capture is formulated. High-resolution on-/offshore wind data for the U.K., and probabilistic wind power forecast, model wind imbalances at operational timescales. The strategic use of flexible ${\text C}{{\text O}_2}$ capture and energy storage helps maintain reserve levels, decreasing power plant cycling operations and wind curtailment. A temporally explicit variability assessment of net demand illustrates the generation flexibility requirements and the nonlinear impacts of increasing wind capacity on power plant operating regimes.
Highlights
THE proportion of electricity demand met by variable renewable energy sources (VRE) is increasing
This paper presents a new framework for the unit commitment (UC) problem for a portfolio of energy storage units, flexible CO2 capture and storage (CCS)-equipped power plants, and conventional thermal units to better understand the operational flexibility and non-linear characteristics of future power systems
The analysis relies on a unit commitment (UC) framework enhanced with an integrated energy storage optimization model and a dynamic model of a flexible CCS plant with postcombustion capture
Summary
THE proportion of electricity demand met by variable renewable energy sources (VRE) is increasing. High net demand variability (demand less VRE) will impact the cycling operations and start-up/shut-down schedules of thermal power plants Managing this variability and uncertainty in generation and demand over operational time-scales requires more flexible operation from dispatchable thermal power plants [3], energy storage [4], demand-side management and interconnection. This paper presents a new framework for the unit commitment (UC) problem for a portfolio of energy storage units, flexible CCS-equipped power plants, and conventional thermal units to better understand the operational flexibility and non-linear characteristics of future power systems. It outlines modelling of the stochastic and temporal correlation elements of wind forecast errors. The results highlight important questions about the flexibility requirements of low-carbon electricity systems with CCS
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