Operational efficiency integrating the evaluation of environmental investment: the case of Japan

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore whether a connection exists between business operational efficiency and environmental responsibility.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts the DEA method through a four‐step analysis to examine inter‐industry differences in terms of operational efficiency with environmental consideration. The sample comprises 32 Japanese firms from three different industries listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange between 2001 and 2006.FindingsThe results indicate a positive correlation with statistical significance in terms of a firm's environmental conservation cost, net income and economic benefit of environmental conservation for the three Japanese industries. In addition, the relationship among a firm's environmental conservation cost, CO2emission reduction and total CO2emission are positively correlated but without significance. In particular, business operational efficiency integrating social responsibility for anti‐global warming initiatives ( = total CO2emission level) could be applied to distinguish differences in terms of operational efficiency among industries.Research limitations/implicationsJapanese firms adopt a voluntary environmental disclosure; therefore this study is constrained by the availability of long‐term data.Social implicationsThis study enables environmentally conscious investors and fund managers to distinguish the operationally efficient industries when taking environmental performance into account.Originality/valueThe study is a novel attempt to analyze inter‐industry differences in terms of operational efficiency when considering environmental conservation through the DEA method using a four‐step analysis.