Abstract
Internet-based transit services have the potential to enable fully connected, safe, reliable, efficient, and flexible service in the public transit system. The flexible transit system (FTS) allows passengers to make individual travel requests and receive customized door-to-door service by specifying their origins and destinations (OD), departure time range, and willingness to pay (WTP). Unlike the uniform and stable WTP in our previous paper, we consider an exponential decay function for the real pickup locations of passengers, and we proposed a joint design of two-level bus stops in temporal and spatial variations of travel demands. To ensure practical applications of this real-time FTS model, we combine the traversing method and the improved tabu search algorithm. A numerical example from Guangzhou is conducted to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model and its effectiveness in reducing system cost.
Highlights
Most existing public transit systems (PTSs) face the conflicting objectives of cost-efficient operations and high-quality service [3]
With the increased availability of mobile Internet and electronic payment, Internet-based flexible transit systems (FTSs) deliver a vision for fully connected, safe, reliable, and efficient service in PTSs [1]. These advantages make it possible for different user groups to choose the way that they participate in bus travel. These different user groups have different levels of willingness to pay (WTP) in the transit system [2], which are closely related to the service they get compared to their demand requests
CONTRIBUTIONS To realize the vision of FTSs, we propose a joint design of two-level bus stops in low traffic volume times or areas to achieve the optimal tradeoff between general bus fare income
Summary
Most existing public transit systems (PTSs) face the conflicting objectives of cost-efficient operations and high-quality service [3]. With the increased availability of mobile Internet and electronic payment, Internet-based flexible transit systems (FTSs) deliver a vision for fully connected, safe, reliable, and efficient service in PTSs [1]. These advantages make it possible for different user groups (e.g., the elderly, disabled, pregnant, and high-income groups) to choose the way that they participate in bus travel. These different user groups have different levels of willingness to pay (WTP) in the transit system [2], which are closely related to the service they get compared to their demand requests.
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