Abstract
Present time, green energy sources interfacing to the utility grid by utilizing microgrid system is very vital to satisfy the ever increasing energy demand. Optimal operation of the microgrid system improved the generation from the distributed renewable energy sources at the lowest operational cost. Large amount of constraints and variables are associated with the microgrid economic operation problem. Thus, this problem is very complex and required efficient technique for handing the problem adequately. Therefore, this research utilized the efficient fire fly optimization technique for solving the formulated microgrid operation control problem. Fire fly algorithm is based on the behavior and nature of the fire flies. A microgrid system modelling which incorporated various distributed energy sources such as solar photo voltaic, wind turbine, micro turbine, fuel cell, diesel generator, electric vehicle technology, battery energy storage system and demands. Energy storage system is utilized in this research for supporting renewable energy sources’ integration in more reliable and qualitative way. Further, the electric vehicle technology i.e. battery electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle are utilized to support the microgrid and utility grid systems with respect to variable demands. Optimal operational cost minimization problem of the developed microgrid system is solved by fire fly algorithm and compared with the grey wolf optimization and particle swarm optimization techniques. By comparative analysis it is clear that the fire fly algorithm provides the minimum operational cost of microgrid system as compared to the GWO and PSO. MATLAB software is utilized to model the microgrid system and implementation of the optimization techniques.
Highlights
The energy demand around the world is continuously increasing
The most suitable remedy for all of these above discussed problems is the construction of the microgrid system with green energy generators like solar photovoltaic, wind turbine, fuel cells, micro turbine, electric vehicle, and energy storage systems
The modeling of the grid integrated microgrid system integrated with solar photovoltaic, wind turbine, fuel cell, micro turbine, battery energy storage system, battery electric vehicle, plug in hybrid electric vehicle, fuel cell electric vehicle, diesel generator and demands are carried out both mathematically and in MATLAB coding
Summary
Along with that the green house gas emission, energy efficiency reductions and appropriate renewable energy generation became main issues in the power system. In the standalone operation mode microgrid can be operated as self sufficient energy grid. Further in the grid tied mode, energy is exported and imported from the grid. Though there are numerous advantages of the micro grid system, but due to intermittent nature of the renewable energy sources such as solar photo voltaic and wind turbine, reliability of the micro grid system is affected. With the utilization of the energy storage systems, reliability issues of the micro grid system can be managed [3]. Integration of the energy storage devices’ in the microgrid system is important for balancing the power in the system. Too much capacity of energy storage system will raise the total cost of the microgrid system while less capacity of energy storage system minimize the reliability of the system and increase the cost of energy generation from the traditional sources of generation
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