Abstract
Abstract : Several practical, inexpensive, operational amplifier (OA) circuits are described which are particularly useful in single sweep and cyclic voltammetry at stationary electrodes. Specific adaptations of OA's to electroanalytical instrumentation were made some time ago by Booman and coworkers and DeFord among others. Highly finished polarographic instruments have been designed by Kelly and coworkers. The instruments described herein are functional, devoid of multi-purpose appendages, and specifically oriented towards solid electrode applications. Their reliability has been proven by continuous operation for several years in a variety of modern electroanalytical operations. The units function satisfactorily with aqueous or non-aqueous electrochemical systems. The instruments consist of the basic OA potentiostat coupled with a cyclic voltage scanning input. Two forms of cyclic scanner are described, a mechanical or motor driven unit, and an OA integrator network which is more versatile. Cyclic voltammetry appears to have great utility, and, since any cyclic unit can be used for single sweep operation, no purpose is seen for building single sweep polarographs as such.
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