Abstract
Operation of bipolar transistors with poly emitters with current gain beta >25 at 77 K and beta >3 at 9 K has been demonstrated. In the temperature range of 300 K to 9 K, the plot of beta vs. temperature (T) exhibits a minimum at T equal to 40 K: decreasing monotonically from 300 K to 40 K, remaining unchanged between 40 K to 30 K, and increasing slightly from 30 K to 9 K. This behavior is attributed to freezeout of acceptor impurities in the base for T<40 K.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
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