Abstract
In order to increase the filling of the cylinder in the engine, a so-called charge is applied, which consists in increasing the amount of air input under increased pressure and at an unchanged temperature. This increases the density of that air and increases the mass in the engine cylinder. In most cars, the charging is carried out by an exhaust gas turbocharger or a mechanical compressor. This paper presents the issues that concern the failure of turbochargers resulting from their balance by weight reduction method. Selected aspects concerning consequences of incorrect balancing and methods of reducing unbalanced rotor mass. A key part of the work includes a proposal to balance turbochargers of automotive vehicles using the "weight-adjustment"method. In this scope, preliminary studies were presented, and conclusions observed during their implementation were described.
Highlights
Modern internal combustion engines are characterized by the downsizing and aim to achieve the best overall efficiency [4].These trends can be met by using mainly a turbo-charging system in the drive unit
The second option is much more commonly used because of its universality. They are installed in compression ignition engines, spark ignition engines and hybrid cars
Incorrect balancing of the basic turbocharger-impeller element is caused by the following damages: cracked wheel of turbine or compression, damage to the turbocharger shaft, damage to thrust bearings and variable geometry system failure
Summary
Modern internal combustion engines are characterized by the downsizing (decrease in engine capacity, while maintaining high engine power) and aim to achieve the best overall efficiency [4]. Existing publications so far describe mainly the balancing of turbochargers by means of a reduction method - taking off unbalanced mass and focusing mainly on damage to turbochargers resulting from improper operation of the turbo-charging device. Examples of this are the following articles: Balancing of turbocharger rotor [10], Damage analysis of turbocharger compressors [12], Analysis of the impact of operating conditions on the technical condition of turbocharger turbochargers of combustion engines [11]. Apart from the correct replacement of worn parts and the cleaning of other parts, the most important thing is the precise dynamic balancing of the rotating parts of the turbine
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